Nuremberg Symposium, Closing Ceremony: How Did it End? Nuremberg From a Historical Perspective

As the 80 Years of Nuremberg: An International Reflection symposium draws to a close, this session returns to the history that began it all. How Did It End? Nuremberg from a Historical Perspective revisits the final days of the International Military Tribunal—its verdicts, legacies, and lessons for the generations that followed.

Historians will reflect on how the Nuremberg Trials reshaped the global understanding of justice, responsibility, and the rule of law. The discussion will explore what “justice” meant at Nuremberg, how its conclusions were received across the world, and how its outcomes continue to influence international criminal law, human rights advocacy, and collective memory today.

This closing program invites reflection not only on how the trials ended—but on how their pursuit of justice continues to shape the present.